Review on application of photovoltaic cell cooling methods in the Sub-Saharan African hot region

Abstract

Solar energy plays a vital role in sustainable energy solutions, particularly in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where solar irradiance levels are high. However, the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems is significantly affected by excessive heat and inadequate thermal regulation, which leads to performance degradation and reduced lifespan of solar panels. This paper examines the challenges associated with PV cooling in SSA and emphasizes the need for cost-effective cooling solutions to enhance efficiency and economic feasibility. Various cooling techniques are explored, and a novel approach suited to SSA's climate is proposed. The objective is to optimize PV system performance, extend panel longevity, and contribute to sustainable energy growth, addressing the critical issue of energy poverty that impact nearly 70% of the SSA population. The study highlights the role of efficient PV technologies in mitigating climate change and promoting economic development in the region. The proposed cooling strategies enhance PV panel efficiency and lifespan, making solar energy systems more viable in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study supports efforts to reduce energy poverty and promote sustainable economic development in the region.