Application of a unified power flow controller to improve power security in Nigeria's 330kV grid

Abstract

The study is motivated by the need to reduce transmission losses and improve voltage stability in Nigeria’s national grid using advanced control technologies. This study explores the use of a Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) to enhance power security in Nigeria’s national grid by reducing transmission line power losses. The UPFC is selected for its superior versatility among Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices. A voltage sensitivity index (VSI) method is employed to determine the optimal placement of the UPFC, while the bat algorithm optimization technique is utilized to identify its optimal size. Simulation results indicate a reduction in net active and reactive power losses from 106.58MW and 703.75MVAr to 84.23MW and 597.50MVAr, respectively. Additionally, voltage improvements were observed across most load buses, with a maximum enhancement of 0.1 pu recorded on three buses. The results imply that implementing an optimally placed and sized UPFC can significantly enhance the efficiency and stability of Nigeria’s power grid by reducing transmission losses and improving voltage profiles. This study can be applied to improve the reliability and efficiency of power transmission systems in Nigeria and other developing countries facing similar grid challenges.